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microgravity

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it offers the promise of new techniques

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and new technologies in pharmaceuticals

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materials manufacturing

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and microgravity studies are a key

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component of fundamental research on the

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shuttle today

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but vibrations from shuttle maneuvers

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operating equipment even movement of the

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crew within the cabin can mimic the

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effects of gravity

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experiments set up to take advantage of

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a weightless environment are subtly

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affected yet when researchers know the

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strength and frequency of these

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vibrations

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they can determine and account for the

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forces acting on these microgravity

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experiment samples

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the space acceleration measurement

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system or sams developed by the lewis

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research center measures conditions and

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records forces of low gravity

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accelerations on the shuttle

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from the united states and international

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microgravity missions to the space lab

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life science series sams has provided

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vital information on shuttle experiments

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this information guides scientists to a

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better understanding of the effects of

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microgravity accelerations on these

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experiments

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the sams hardware

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consists of a main signal processing

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unit and three remote tri-axial sensor

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heads

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by mounting a sam sensor head on or near

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an experiment

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the accelerations affecting the

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experiment can be sampled directly

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the triaxial sensor heads detect

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accelerations along three orthogonal

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axes

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these inertial sensors measure positive

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and negative accelerations over a

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specified frequency range

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sams has provided researchers with

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measurements of these accelerations

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since its first flight in june of 1991

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aboard sts-40 the space lab life science

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series 1 mission

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since that first mission the unit has

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flown in a variety of locations

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including both the space lab center

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aisle and its mid-deck experiment rack

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the shuttle's mid deck the space hab and

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the cargo bay

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to accommodate the different

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environments of these locations

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sams offers three configurations to

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researchers

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in the spacehab center aisle

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configuration

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the sams unit allows the flight crew

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access to the optical disks which they

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can periodically rotate or exchange to

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provide unlimited data recording

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also accessible are the control switches

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and indicators of the main unit located

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on the front panel

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in the mid deck configuration the unit

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is mounted either in a smidex rack or in

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place of a stowage locker

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it is fastened to a bulkhead by a

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mounting plate the mission office

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provides

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disks and controls are accessible

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throughout the mission

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the tri-axial sensor heads are mounted

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either prior to launch or by the flight

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crew once in orbit

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flight crew members can place the sensor

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heads at predetermined locations to

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accommodate the needs of the

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experimenter

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the sensor heads can be mounted directly

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on the experiment or

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up to a maximum distance of 20 feet from

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the main unit

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the sensor head cables can be easily

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connected to the rear right side of the

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main unit in the center aisle

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configuration

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and to the unit's face plate when at

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the last configuration for the sams unit

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is known as m-pass for mission peculiar

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experiments support structure

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here the unit is placed in the cargo bay

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inaccessible to the flight crew

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the mpes main control unit and data

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storage unit are safely enclosed for

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operation in this harsh environment

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in this configuration the sams unit can

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retain 0.8 gigabytes of data

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raw data in this configuration can be

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downlinked to the payload operations

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control center or poc

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this provides researchers with the

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opportunity to monitor and analyze data

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displays in a time frame which

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approaches real time

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three switches power data record and

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disk change are located on the control

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panel

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five indicator lights or leds are also

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located on the control panel

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the leds are designed to confirm basic

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operating functions of the sams unit

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additionally they will indicate certain

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failures of the sams unit should they

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occur

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during normal operations the tri-color

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leds on the recording drive will pulsate

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from yellow to red

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yellow indicates that the optical disk

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is spinning in the disk drive while red

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indicates that the drive is reading from

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or writing to the optical disk

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this concludes module one the background

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and system familiarization of the space

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in this module

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we will demonstrate the nominal

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operations of the sams unit

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first you need to unstow the optical

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discs

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rotate the door screws counterclockwise

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to open the drive doors

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next rotate the disc ejection levers

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counterclockwise

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stow the dummy discs and unstow two

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blank discs

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into drives one and two

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making sure that the discs lock into

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place

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then rotate the disc ejection lever

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clockwise

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until they are pointing up with respect

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to activate the sams unit turn the power

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on

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verify that the power indicator light is

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green

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record the mission elapsed time

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the drive one full light and the drive

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to full light should be lit during

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initialization

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process to be completed

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after the initialization process is

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complete and the drive one and drive two

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indicator lights are off

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notify the pot that the power is on and

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after allowing the unit to warm up for

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15 minutes you are now ready to operate

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sams first close the disk drive doors

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and rotate the screws clockwise to the

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lock position

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then turn the data record switch on

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verify that the data record light is on

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after three minutes verify that the

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drive one and drive to full lights are

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off

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notify the park that the sams unit is

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recording data and indicate the current

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before you rotate the disc in drive one

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check to see if the system error light

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is on

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this should not occur during normal

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operations but if it does consult the

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puck

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verify that the drive one full light is

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next rotate the drive door screws

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counterclockwise

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rotate the disc ejection lever

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counterclockwise to eject the disc from

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drive 1

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then log the mission elapsed time and

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insert the disk side b facing up into

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drive 1 until the disk locks into place

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rotate the disc ejection lever clockwise

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pointing up

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toggle the disc change switch

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momentarily

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after three minutes the drive one full

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light should turn off

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verify that the drive to full light is

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also off

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close the drive door and rotate the

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screws clockwise to the lock position

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notify the puck that you have completed

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disk rotation steps four through seven

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to rotate the optical disk in drive two

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simply repeat the procedure we just

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before exchanging the disc in drive one

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check to see that the drive one full

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light is on

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next

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rotate the drive door screws

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counterclockwise

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then eject the disk

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log the met and drive number on the disk

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stow the full disk and unstow a blank

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disk

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up into drive one until it locks into

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place

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press the disk change switch

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momentarily allow up to three minutes

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for the drive one full light to turn off

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then close the drive door

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and rotate the screws clockwise to lock

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notify the puck that you have completed

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replacing the disk in drive one

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to exchange the disk in drive two repeat

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to deactivate the sams unit turn off the

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data record switch

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wait two minutes and verify that the

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data light is off

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next turn the power switch off

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the power indicator light should

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to stow the discs

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turn the drive door screws

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counterclockwise

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now rotate the disc ejection levers

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counterclockwise to eject the disks

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log the met and drive number on the disk

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stow both disks

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unstow the two dummy disks and insert

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them into drive one and drive two

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making sure they lock into place

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turn the disc ejection levers to the

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lock position

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close the disk drive doors

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and rotate the screws clockwise so the

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to check the status of the sams unit

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turn the door screws counterclockwise

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at the specified intervals voice the

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status of the five control panel lights

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and the two disk drive lights

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close both drive doors

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and turn the screws clockwise to the

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alternate procedures for operation of

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the sams unit are utilized only when one

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drive has failed

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rotation and exchange of the optical

253
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disk is performed in the same manner

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demonstrated for nominal operation with

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one notable exception

256
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for single drive operation of sams the

257
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drive that is non-operational is put on

258
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standby for the duration of the mission

259
00:13:33,829 --> 00:13:31,680
also during rotation or exchange the

260
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recording of data on the operational

261
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drive is temporarily aborted in order to

262
00:13:40,629 --> 00:13:38,959
eject the disk without damage to the

263
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recorded data

264
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for example

265
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if disk drive 2 fails

266
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place it in the standby position by

267
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rotating the disc ejection lever to the

268
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nine o'clock position

269
00:13:56,470 --> 00:13:53,680
the lever should remain in this position

270
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for the duration of the mission

271
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then to temporarily abort drive one

272
00:14:04,870 --> 00:14:03,040
wait to the tri-color led flashes from

273
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red to yellow

274
00:14:10,230 --> 00:14:07,199
then turn the drive one disk ejection

275
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lever clockwise to the one o'clock or

276
00:14:16,470 --> 00:14:13,040
abort position

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this concludes module two the nominal

278
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and alternate procedures for the space

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in module 3 we will briefly review

280
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malfunctions of the sams unit and the

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procedures to follow should a

282
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malfunction occur

283
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if the power light does not illuminate

284
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when power is initially applied to the

285
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sams unit

286
00:14:54,949 --> 00:14:52,560
perform malfunction procedure 1.

287
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to determine the cause of this condition

288
00:15:00,230 --> 00:14:56,880
you would cycle the power

289
00:15:02,470 --> 00:15:00,240
and examine the status of certain leds

290
00:15:04,470 --> 00:15:02,480
the sams unit could be in one of three

291
00:15:06,870 --> 00:15:04,480
states

292
00:15:09,829 --> 00:15:06,880
the power light is transient

293
00:15:13,670 --> 00:15:09,839
the power light has failed or there has

294
00:15:15,590 --> 00:15:13,680
been a system power failure in the unit

295
00:15:18,710 --> 00:15:15,600
if the unit is in one of the first two

296
00:15:20,389 --> 00:15:18,720
conditions it can still be operational

297
00:15:23,110 --> 00:15:20,399
however if it is determined that the

298
00:15:25,509 --> 00:15:23,120
unit is in the third condition a power

299
00:15:27,590 --> 00:15:25,519
system failure then it would remain

300
00:15:35,590 --> 00:15:27,600
non-operational for the duration of the

301
00:15:41,269 --> 00:15:38,230
after powers applied to sams the

302
00:15:43,749 --> 00:15:41,279
initialization process begins

303
00:15:45,910 --> 00:15:43,759
nominally the drive full lights will

304
00:15:47,829 --> 00:15:45,920
illuminate to indicate the start of the

305
00:15:50,389 --> 00:15:47,839
initialization process

306
00:15:51,590 --> 00:15:50,399
and extinguish after the process is

307
00:15:53,829 --> 00:15:51,600
complete

308
00:15:56,069 --> 00:15:53,839
this takes about two minutes

309
00:15:59,749 --> 00:15:56,079
if after two minutes one or both of the

310
00:16:03,509 --> 00:15:59,759
dry full lights are on solid or blinking

311
00:16:05,749 --> 00:16:03,519
then perform malfunction procedure two

312
00:16:06,870 --> 00:16:05,759
if this happens one of the following has

313
00:16:09,430 --> 00:16:06,880
occurred

314
00:16:11,430 --> 00:16:09,440
a disc may not be seated properly

315
00:16:12,550 --> 00:16:11,440
reseeding the disc would eliminate the

316
00:16:14,790 --> 00:16:12,560
error

317
00:16:17,350 --> 00:16:14,800
the discs may be faulty

318
00:16:18,790 --> 00:16:17,360
rotating or exchanging them would solve

319
00:16:21,269 --> 00:16:18,800
the problem

320
00:16:22,790 --> 00:16:21,279
the unit may be recording on a single

321
00:16:25,509 --> 00:16:22,800
drive only

322
00:16:28,790 --> 00:16:25,519
if this occurs refer to the alternate

323
00:16:31,030 --> 00:16:28,800
procedures described in module 2.

324
00:16:33,509 --> 00:16:31,040
the system may have failed

325
00:16:37,990 --> 00:16:33,519
and again will be non-operational for

326
00:16:43,910 --> 00:16:40,550
following initialization of sams and a

327
00:16:46,389 --> 00:16:43,920
15-minute warm-up period the data record

328
00:16:49,030 --> 00:16:46,399
switch is ready to be enabled

329
00:16:51,110 --> 00:16:49,040
if the data record switch is thrown

330
00:16:52,230 --> 00:16:51,120
and the data record light does not

331
00:16:55,509 --> 00:16:52,240
illuminate

332
00:16:57,990 --> 00:16:55,519
perform malfunction procedure 3.

333
00:17:01,670 --> 00:16:58,000
one of three errors has occurred

334
00:17:04,870 --> 00:17:01,680
the data record switch is faulty

335
00:17:07,350 --> 00:17:04,880
the data record light could have failed

336
00:17:09,510 --> 00:17:07,360
there is an uncorrectable fault in which

337
00:17:16,710 --> 00:17:09,520
case the unit will be non-operational

338
00:17:22,150 --> 00:17:19,990
when one side of an optical disk is full

339
00:17:24,230 --> 00:17:22,160
the drive full light corresponding to

340
00:17:26,309 --> 00:17:24,240
that disk will illuminate

341
00:17:28,710 --> 00:17:26,319
the time it will take to fill one side

342
00:17:30,789 --> 00:17:28,720
of a disk is predetermined based on the

343
00:17:32,310 --> 00:17:30,799
frequencies of the tri-axial sensor

344
00:17:34,150 --> 00:17:32,320
heads

345
00:17:36,390 --> 00:17:34,160
if the drive full light does not

346
00:17:39,270 --> 00:17:36,400
illuminate as scheduled perform

347
00:17:41,190 --> 00:17:39,280
malfunction procedure 4.

348
00:17:43,590 --> 00:17:41,200
in this case the drive may have had a

349
00:17:46,630 --> 00:17:43,600
previous malfunction and has corrected

350
00:17:48,950 --> 00:17:46,640
itself thus becoming operational again

351
00:17:50,549 --> 00:17:48,960
it may also have prematurely quit

352
00:17:52,630 --> 00:17:50,559
recording on the drive that was

353
00:17:54,710 --> 00:17:52,640
scheduled to be full and is now

354
00:17:55,909 --> 00:17:54,720
recording on the other drive

355
00:17:58,070 --> 00:17:55,919
finally

356
00:18:00,390 --> 00:17:58,080
again there may have been a system

357
00:18:07,270 --> 00:18:00,400
malfunction that could possibly be

358
00:18:12,789 --> 00:18:10,150
following rotation or exchange of a full

359
00:18:14,390 --> 00:18:12,799
disk and the disk change switch having

360
00:18:16,390 --> 00:18:14,400
been toggled

361
00:18:18,549 --> 00:18:16,400
it will take up to three minutes for the

362
00:18:19,669 --> 00:18:18,559
corresponding drive full light to

363
00:18:21,750 --> 00:18:19,679
extinguish

364
00:18:24,470 --> 00:18:21,760
if after three minutes the corresponding

365
00:18:28,070 --> 00:18:24,480
drive full light fails to extinguish

366
00:18:29,909 --> 00:18:28,080
perform malfunction procedure five this

367
00:18:31,669 --> 00:18:29,919
could indicate that the disc is not

368
00:18:33,510 --> 00:18:31,679
seated properly and may have to be

369
00:18:35,669 --> 00:18:33,520
reseeded

370
00:18:38,630 --> 00:18:35,679
the disc may be faulty and may have to

371
00:18:41,029 --> 00:18:38,640
be rotated or exchanged

372
00:18:43,669 --> 00:18:41,039
there may also have been a disc drive

373
00:18:51,270 --> 00:18:43,679
failure in which case the alternate

374
00:18:56,549 --> 00:18:53,830
at any time during normal operation of

375
00:18:59,510 --> 00:18:56,559
sams or after any crew interface with

376
00:19:02,390 --> 00:18:59,520
sams one or both of the drive full

377
00:19:05,029 --> 00:19:02,400
lights may suddenly begin to blink

378
00:19:06,789 --> 00:19:05,039
if this happens perform malfunction

379
00:19:08,710 --> 00:19:06,799
procedure six

380
00:19:11,430 --> 00:19:08,720
this indicates that the corresponding

381
00:19:12,789 --> 00:19:11,440
drive has failed either temporarily or

382
00:19:14,789 --> 00:19:12,799
permanently

383
00:19:16,870 --> 00:19:14,799
if the drive has temporarily quit

384
00:19:19,590 --> 00:19:16,880
recording the malfunction can be

385
00:19:25,110 --> 00:19:19,600
corrected however the drives will now be

386
00:19:29,270 --> 00:19:27,190
the system error light is another

387
00:19:32,150 --> 00:19:29,280
indicator of a malfunction

388
00:19:34,549 --> 00:19:32,160
if this led should illuminate perform

389
00:19:36,630 --> 00:19:34,559
malfunction procedure 7.

390
00:19:39,190 --> 00:19:36,640
this indicates that there are 30 minutes

391
00:19:41,430 --> 00:19:39,200
or less of recording time available on

392
00:19:43,590 --> 00:19:41,440
both optical discs

393
00:19:46,789 --> 00:19:43,600
note that the system error light will

394
00:19:49,029 --> 00:19:46,799
not come on alone either one or both of

395
00:19:51,909 --> 00:19:49,039
the drive full lights will also be

396
00:19:54,390 --> 00:19:51,919
illuminated if only one drive full light

397
00:19:55,270 --> 00:19:54,400
is on the unit is still able to record

398
00:19:57,830 --> 00:19:55,280
data

399
00:20:00,630 --> 00:19:57,840
if both drive full lights are on the

400
00:20:09,270 --> 00:20:00,640
unit is not recording and valuable data

401
00:20:13,510 --> 00:20:11,110
when you are either rotating or

402
00:20:16,070 --> 00:20:13,520
exchanging an optical disc there is a

403
00:20:17,430 --> 00:20:16,080
possibility that the disc will not eject

404
00:20:19,270 --> 00:20:17,440
from the drive

405
00:20:21,750 --> 00:20:19,280
if this should happen perform

406
00:20:24,230 --> 00:20:21,760
malfunction procedure 8.

407
00:20:25,350 --> 00:20:24,240
the disc may not be seated properly in

408
00:20:27,190 --> 00:20:25,360
the drive

409
00:20:30,070 --> 00:20:27,200
reseat the disc

410
00:20:32,549 --> 00:20:30,080
if the disc will not eject at all

411
00:20:33,510 --> 00:20:32,559
use needle nose pliers to extract the

412
00:20:35,270 --> 00:20:33,520
disc

413
00:20:38,630 --> 00:20:35,280
if you cannot retrieve the disk with the

414
00:20:45,270 --> 00:20:38,640
pliers the disk has jammed or the disk

415
00:20:50,870 --> 00:20:48,390
during single drive operation the drive

416
00:20:53,029 --> 00:20:50,880
full lights may illuminate

417
00:20:54,789 --> 00:20:53,039
if this happens perform malfunction

418
00:20:56,789 --> 00:20:54,799
procedure nine

419
00:20:59,190 --> 00:20:56,799
this could indicate that the disc in the

420
00:21:01,350 --> 00:20:59,200
functioning drive is faulty

421
00:21:03,909 --> 00:21:01,360
it could also indicate that the

422
00:21:07,270 --> 00:21:03,919
previously faulty drive has corrected

423
00:21:08,870 --> 00:21:07,280
itself and is now functioning properly

424
00:21:11,590 --> 00:21:08,880
if this is the case

425
00:21:12,710 --> 00:21:11,600
the disk in the previously faulty drive

426
00:21:16,310 --> 00:21:12,720
is full

427
00:21:18,310 --> 00:21:16,320
and needs to be rotated or exchanged and

428
00:21:20,470 --> 00:21:18,320
the alternate procedures for single

429
00:21:22,470 --> 00:21:20,480
drive operation would no longer be

430
00:21:24,789 --> 00:21:22,480
necessary

431
00:21:27,430 --> 00:21:24,799
this concludes the third and final

432
00:21:29,830 --> 00:21:27,440
module of this video if you have any

433
00:21:33,110 --> 00:21:29,840
questions please review the appropriate